The Philadelphia Experiment: US Navy destroyer made invisible

The Philadelphia Experiment is an United States Navy experiment, done on October 28, 1943. During the experiment, the destroyer USS Eldridge was teleported from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Norfolk, Virginia, and back again to the Philadelphia Naval Yard. The experiment had terrible side effects, such as making sailors to go mad, and some of them never returned.The Navy quit exploring this exciting new technology.


The experiment was allegedly done by Dr. Franklin Reno as an application of Einstein's unified field theory. The experiment supposedly demonstrated a successful connection between gravity and electromagnetism: electromagnetic space-time warping.

The Navy denies that it ever did such a test. There are lots of questions for the creators, why they done this experiment on a such big object with people on it. They could do this on small objects, or animals, and watch their reactions, then decide that making this experiment on humans is a high risk. This experiment can be done on other object, but why it wasn't made ? because it is impossible.

This is my point of view, let's see other opinions.

The Navy does all kinds of experiments, but they keep it secret.It's true that the Navy was experimenting with "invisibility" in 1943, but not with making ships disappear. Edward Dudgeon, who says he was there on the U.S.S. Engstrom, claims that they hoped to make our ships "invisible to magnetic torpedoes by de-Gaussing them." Dudgeon described the procedure:

"They sent the crew ashore and they wrapped the vessel in big cables, then they sent high voltages through these cables to scramble the ship's magnetic signature. This operation involved contract workers, and of course there were also merchant ships around, so civilian sailors could well have heard Navy personnel saying something like, "they're going to make us invisible," meaning undetectable by magnetic torpedoes...."

The central claim of the Philadelphia experiment may have a basis in fact, however. Edward Dudgeon describes the event.

"I was in [a] bar that evening, we had two or three beers, and I was one of the two sailors who are said to have disappeared mysteriously...The fight started when some of the sailors bragged about the secret equipment [radar, sonar, special screws, a new compass, etc.] and were told to keep their mouths shut. Two of us were minors....The waitresses scooted us out the back door as soon as trouble began and later denied knowing anything about us. We were leaving at two in the morning. The Eldridge had already left at 11 p.m. Someone looking at the harbor that night might have noticed that the Eldridge wasn't there any more and it did appear in Norfolk. It was back in Philadelphia harbor the next morning, which seems like an impossible feat: if you look at the map you'll see that merchant ships would have taken two days to make the trip. They would have required pilots to go around the submarine nets, the mines and so on at the harbor entrances to the Atlantic. But the Navy used a special inland channel, the Chesapeake-Delaware Canal, that bypassed all that. We made the trip in about six hours"

Now, this experiment seems to be only a myth, but, who started the speculations about this experiment ? We don't have answers too many questions, and probably we will never know if the experiment is real or not.

When is marketing communications rocket science?

Alpharetta, GA - 01-29-07 - Space researchers enlist Georgia-based AVG Communications and EJW Associates, Inc. marketing team to gain global attention for far out ideas. For aerospace technology researchers, boosting awareness is a critical first step in building professional collaboration and technology application acceptance. Securing funds for the world's first photon laser thruster prototype, and development of alternative spacecraft propulsion that uses the earth's magnetic field are ultimate goals for two new clients: Bae Institute, and Cornell University's Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department. The AVG/EJW marketing team, working with principal researchers at each organization, has already implemented a basic marketing program for each. Both plans call for the launch of public relations campaigns supported by illustrative web sites. So far, marketing results indicate all systems go, with news being picked up by over 50 news outlets worldwide, and a quantum leap in site traffic and inquiries. Doors to major private and government funding sources have been opened, with funding pitches favorably received. A long time space research advocate, Bob Scaringe of AVG has logged countless hours marketing the benefits of space exploration and the technology's halo effect on consumer and commercial developments. He is an active volunteer in the Atlanta-based NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC), whose mission is to encourage "thinking decades into the future in pursuit of concepts that will 'leapfrog' the evolution of current aerospace systems." Emil Walcek, president of EJW Associates has been crafting technology content and producing creative B to B marketing communications for over two decades.

The Legacy of the Helicopter Developed by Design

The helicopter and the airplane are undoubtedly the most important inventions of the 20th century's aeronautical industry. People have had dreams of flying since they were born. Leonardo da Vinci, the Italian genius, was the first person who ever drew a sketch of a manually piloted helicopter. It stirred some water at that moment, but it wasn't until the 20th century that the first modern helicopter was built, in the late 30s.

There are many and important differences between the airplane and the helicopter. Although we are not going to talk about the plane much, its basic idea is that it has to execute a forward motion in order to be able to move. The wings have the purpose of generating a force which neutralizes the gravity force when they are moving through the air, and this is exactly what makes the plane fly.

The helicopter is very different. Its ability to hover into the air without even moving is unique. This is caused by the continuous motion of the blades. This has a main factor, like in the case of airplane wings, the air resistance force.

The force which the rotating blades generate is equal to the weight of the helicopter when the helicopter hovers. If the pilot wishes to take the helicopter to a bigger height, the blades' positioning angle must be modified. The pilot has the ability to do this simultaneously with all the helicopter's blades.

The helicopter has only one engine, and this engine is used to spin the rotor. Although most helicopters have a single main rotor, there are some who have two. They are meant to offer a greater stability for the helicopter by spinning in different directions.

Most helicopters have a single main rotor though and a smaller one which produces a horizontal force at the tail of the helicopter. If, by any chance, the engine fails in mid-air, the main rotor's spin will be significantly reduced. This means that the rotor won't be able to provide the necessary ascending force for the helicopter to fly.

However, even in this desperate situation, a helicopter can still land safely, especially if there's an experienced pilot on board. This can be done through a method called auto-rotation. This is also one of the main advantages of the helicopter, the fact that even in the most difficult conditions it can bring a pilot safely to the ground.

Helicopters have many uses, from warfare to saving lives or as a transportation means. The most technologically advanced ones are a menace on any battlefield, due to their sheer maneuverability and stealth. There are also big helicopters used to carry military equipment from place to place. Also, rich people can afford helicopters which are able to get them from place to place very quickly.

Then, helicopters are also used in rescuing people from difficult situations, in places where nothing else could reach. For example, countless persons have been saved from remote mountain tops or from rough seas. This could have never been possible otherwise, and this is maybe the biggest utility of a helicopter.

Science Facts About Sleep

As you might well know, sleep is a physiological need in order for the body to function well. Enough sleep is needed in order to focus and concentrate more. That is why having sufficient sleep is essential to working effectively during the day. A person usually needs about eight to nine hours a day. Extensive research on sleep has provided us with a better understanding of sleep and its importance. It has been known that our bodies go through a natural circadian rhythm that has a great in its function during a 24-hour period. It is programmed in our body clock that we sleep at night an go awake during the day. Trying to disrupt the circadian rhythm will usually result in getting poor quality and insufficient sleep. The circadian rhythm that our bodies follow cannot be reversed even if one works during the night shift. The body is still programmed to sleep at night. Just as the body requires a sufficient amount of sleep within each 24-hour period in order to function effectively, lack of it over long periods of time can have serious consequences later on. Reducing the amount of sleep everyday can result in accumulating sleep debt. This is simply the difference between the number of sleep a person needs each day with the actual sleep that he gets during the same period. In order to continue to function effectively, the body needs to have its sleep debt recovered. Over time a person can have an accumulation of sleep debt without even noticing it. And as the sleep debt grows, he tendency to feel sleepy during the day increases. The higher the sleep debt, the stronger is the tendency for the person to fall asleep in the morning. This can affect work performance through diminished concentration and focus. Studies on sleep has also shown that people usually go through bouts of so-called "micro sleep" everyday. Microsleeps are very short episodes of temporary loss of attention that can last from a few seconds to several minutes. Such episodes are usually characterized by blank stares, prolonged eye closures and sudden head snapping among other things. This can especially occur if one is doing monotonous task such as driving a car for long periods. Sometimes a person may not be aware that he is undergoing a bout of micro sleep. Sometimes . It can occur even if one's eyes are open. When one is in micro sleep mode, a person seems not to respond to outside stimulus for a short time. But that small period can be dangerous especially if one is driving. Micro sleeps can also occur in the daytime and can occur more often with cumulative sleep debt.

Mushrooms began to grow all year long

Because of global warming, mushrooms in the Great Britain now can be collected all year long, informs magazine "Nature" referring to researchers, leaders of supervision in this area .

As the scientists have announce, in the last autumn the mushroom season in the Great Britain proceeded twice longer, than in the fiftieth years. Now its duration reaches 75 days. The gather of mushrooms can be start collected earlier, and to finish gathering gifts of the nature - later.

Some kinds of mushrooms began to appear not only on autumn, but also during the spring period.

Increase of mid-annual temperatures on the British islands has already led to that many birds start to nest earlier, and flowers -begin to bloom earlier, but such radical change, in life cycle of kinds , as occurrence of the additional period of "fructification", is registered for the first time.

In particular, in the spring in the Great Britain now it is possible to collect mushrooms such as a Fairy Ring Mushroom (Marasmius oreades), Sulphur tuft (Hypholoma fasciculare) and a number of others .

Science and Environment- Artificial Intelligence: A Virtual Reality?

Incredible advances are taking place in computer science and information theory. Today's personal computer has calculating power far exceeding that of all 1950s computers put together. It is more complex than the electronic "brain" that ran the bank of computers needed to land the Apollo 11 astronauts on the moon.

Many pundits are predicting that this generation of science and environment will see computers with more intelligence than the human mind. Is this possible, or are we nearing a technological barrier? If we do succeed in surmounting such a barrier, what will we have created? Should we fear being taken over by some computerized monster as depicted in the cult movie, The Matrix?

Neurologists tell us that the human brain is the most complex structure in the known universe. Weighing about three pounds (less than one and a half kilograms), it is plumbed with myriad blood vessels to nourish it with oxygen and is studded with nearly two billion neurons--tiny cells that function as triodes, altering, enabling, damping or enhancing electrochemical signals.

Back in the 19th century, when the study of the human mind was still in its infancy--and long before any electronic computer existed--British mathematician George Boole introduced a strict, formal grammar in which logical thinking could be performed. He attempted to show the practical laws that govern the human brain's ability to think.

Subsequent generations of scientists have applied Boole's algebra laterally. They began to ask, If the human brain works according to well-defined rules, can a machine be devised that would function as an artificial brain?

In 1940, Claude Shannon of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) combined Boolean algebra with his own understanding of electronics. He demonstrated that all of Boole's laws of thought could be modeled in electronic circuitry. This not only made modern telephony possible but sparked the idea that Artificial Intelligence was indeed a feasible process in science and environment.

In the years immediately following the Second World War, many minds focused on bringing together military technologies and applying them to revival of the peacetime economy. Gigantic engines that had aided the breaking of enemy encryptions were now employed to perform mundane business calculations with speed and accuracy.

As computers became more powerful almost day by day--yet paradoxically more compact and less expensive--researchers busied themselves with the task of modeling within them a kind of intelligence. At the same time there was a revolution in neurology, so the scientific community could finally begin to explain the actual processes of the brain.

We are now at the stage where a number of scientists expect to be able to reproduce intelligence in a computer. Computation speeds double every few months, and new technologies such as laser circuitry and quantum computing, with their promise of speed and power millions of times greater than exist today, loom on the horizon. Will the next few years see the development of a truly intelligent computer? What characteristics would it have? Are we on the verge of trumping ourselves and dooming our species to relegation? Will our own tools become our masters?

ALWAYS IN CONTROL

Neil Gershenfeld, a director at MIT's Media Laboratory, is well known for his advice to large companies on how to capitalize on current and forthcoming technologies. In his book When Things Start to Think, he explains that we humans are in the driver's seat. His thesis is that whatever happens, human beings will remain in charge of computer technology, no matter how powerful it becomes.

He marshals to this view the fact that even the latest computer technology is cumbersome, and that whenever a person communicates with a machine, some form of ritual must be adopted (even if that only means pressing certain keys). He insists that this is good news, because the revolutionary new power of machines to think with the same (or greater) skill as humans will simply lie dormant until harnessed and applied by human beings.

The new machines, he explains, may be powerful, but they will remain utterly dependent on us. In fact, he foresees computers that are extensions of our own will.

Gershenfeld deftly paints a scene of the near future, when humanity will be more mobile and in control of the environment, and tasks that would mystify our own generation will be considered mundane--just as Michelangelo would be nonplussed by some of our routine activities, such as turning a dial to wash clothes or to cook a meal.

VIRTUALLY HUMAN

For decades now, mathematicians, philosophers and researchers have debated the limits of computer thinking and even the meaning of intelligence.

Author, entrepreneur and award-winning technologist Ray Kurzweil takes this view to an extreme, believing strongly that the computerized execution of simulated thinking is entirely equivalent to human thought.

When, in the 1970s, someone pointed out that it was beyond the ability of a machine to read printed words and speak them aloud, Kurzweil developed technology to do precisely that, dedicating it to the service of the blind. In case after case, this highly acclaimed inventor and engineer has taken objections from skeptics and invented ways for a computer to perform the supposedly impossible tasks. In 1990 he published a prize-winning and influential book titled The Age of Intelligent Machines. He has now followed it with The Age of Spiritual Machines, presenting a scenario that spans 1999 to 2099.

Kurzweil foresees the development of true intelligence in computers within the first two decades of the new millennium. By 2019 he expects that computers will have the memory capacity and computational ability of the human brain. With persuasive arguments he insists that when we pass this milestone, the destinies of computers and of humankind will be indistinguishable.

He is convinced that by 2099 nobody will give an idle thought to whether a machine is intelligent: each will be a true individual, endued with its own spiritual existence--a new species apart from humans. Could he be right?

Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein painted a picture of what might happen if someone invented another intelligent being, and countless stories in all tongues and throughout all dramatic genres have repeated this alarm. According to the thinking of many scientists, we will continue to rudely ignore that Klaxon and will, probably within a few decades, bring into existence machines--computers and robots--that achieve and even exceed human intelligence.

WHO'S RIGHT?

Denial, optimism, enthusiasm and fear are the contrasting reactions to the phenomenon we see before us--the incredible increase in the power of computers. Will they be our tools, our slaves, our nemesis, or even (as Kurzweil suggests) part of us--an amalgam of human and machine?

The mathematical treatment of logic and the development of calculating technology--both essential elements of computer design--rely on models based on how humans function. Our computers seem to work more and more like the human brain because they are modeled on our knowledge of the brain. But this raises an important question: How well do we understand ourselves? In reality, not very well. We are confused about what we are as a result of conflicting ideas about human consciousness.

Because of the powerful influence of Aristotle's teachings, the Western mind easily falls into thinking that there are two universes--the real one, and an unreal one to which our mind alone has access. Aristotle called these two universes physical and spiritual. We often confuse this use of these terms with their very different biblical use. Kurzweil speaks of spiritual machines. Do religion and the Bible suggest computers to be spiritual?

A human is composed of both a physical and a spiritual element. But this is not in the Aristotelian sense. In biblical use, they are not contrasted with each other. This spiritual element is neither imaginary nor mystical.

The spirit in man is what defines humanity. It is the human essence. "What man knows the things of a man except the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so no one knows the things of God except the Spirit of God" (1 Corinthians 2:11). This scripture points out that humankind can only be understood in terms of the "spirit of man," and in the same way, God can only be understood through the Spirit of God.

If a computer were ever designed to function to a considerable extent like a human, would spirit govern its behavior?

Computers are machines that we have created. Whether they ever achieve consciousness (however we define the term) or outstrip us in creativity--or begin to show altruism or vice--they can never have their own spirit. They will simply reflect their creation by humans.

To coin a phrase, computers are us. Whichever version of the future (as portrayed by the three books reviewed here) most reflects what will happen, there is, on the basis of religion and the Bible, no reason to fear that we are on the threshold of creating some alien life-form. Whatever we create will reflect only a distinctively human origin.

But because computers are ineluctably stamped with the human imprint, we must bear the responsibility for the future of computer technology. It is possible, after all, to guide the development of a computerized intelligence for either good or for ill. Knowing the human propensity for evil, we must determine to build only the good into any future artificial intelligences we may create.

Telescope Buying Guide

Welcome to my telescope buying guide, before buying your first scope I always suggest first getting some star charts and a pair of binoculars and learning your way around the night sky. If your ready to jump right in to buying your first scope then Please read this guide so that you dont make the same mistakes alot of beginners do. I have compiled some good links to get you going. Welcome - and thanks for checking out my article!

Your Guide to Buying a Telescope Beginners Guide on what telescope to buy and what telescopes to avoid

Many of nights I've gazed up at the heavens, analyzing the night sky. As a kid I studied astronomy books and learned constellations. I enjoyed looking up at the stars imagining what mysterious objects hid up there. Finally one day I asked my parents for a telescope. That year for my birthday guess what I got....yep a telescope, with a picture on the box showing saturn and its huge rings, a picture of a huge spiral galaxy like the image above here, and on the box in huge letters... 900 X MAGNIFICATION!!!!!! I couldnt wait for it to get dark that night. Unfortunatelly with the purchase of a new telescope comes cloudy weather as soon as you open up the package. A few days pass and it was finally a nice,dark night, I took the little 60mm telescope outside and put the moon under my sights, It was pretty neat to see the craters but soon i found out that other than the moon this little scope was pretty useless, with small cheaply made optics, a wobly stand, and a sloppy focuser it ended up spending the rest of its life destined to be a lost junk artifact in the closet untill one day I sold it at a yard sale. The problem with this telescope was that it was cheaply made,over-dramatized and came probablly from walmart. I then spent the next decade and a half thinking of astronomy as a waste of time- and that it was too hard - and not rewarding. Well I grew up and had kids of my own and -HEY- now i have the perfect excuss to buy another telescope and get back into backyard astronomy!!! So being older and more knowledgeable (I thought) I got on ebay and bought a 4" newtonian telescope for about $200. It looked big and shiny and it promised alot but after receiving it and using it a few times i realized it was no better than the little 60mm refractor telescope from my childhood years. The problem with this scope was that it was an noname brand - manufactured in mass amounts in china with horribly made optics. Now this time I almost gave up on aronomy untill I found the cloudy nights forum By joining this forum I talked with alot of helpful people and learned alot of things, Since then Ive bought various nice telescopes that show me and my kids awesome views that i almost missed out on due to these chinese junk telescopes that they sell at shopping outlets and on ebay. So this following guide is for you to learn from my mistakes, saving you money,patience,and preventing these bad buy scopes from turning you away from astronomy altogether.

The number one mistake to avoid is DO NOT buy a telescope from a outlet store! These are overpriced junk telescopes often with horrible plastic lenses and optics.

The next mistake is do not buy a telescope without first researching about it.

Always try to stick with name brand manufacturer's such as Meade,Orion,Celestron,Hardin,Discovery,Antares ect.

My single suggestion for a beginner telescope is the dobsonian telescope, also called dobson or dob. You get alot of light gathering optics size for little money. These scopes are also very easy to use compared to other types.

A 4" dobson telescope is the perfect first scope for children, combining decent apreture(size of light gathering optics), and an easy to use mount at a good price. For an adults first scope I would suggest a dob in the 6,8, or 10 inch range. You can check around with the trusted manufacturer's I mentioned earlier as alot of them have special deals on 4"-6" dobs. Ive seen nice Hardin 6" dobs go on sale for well under $200 before. For an alternative to a new scope you can check out used telescopes at astromart.com - this is a great astronomy site with many reasonable deals on anything from scopes to eyepieces in there classified sections.

I do encourage any potential amatuer astronomers to pick up a decent pair of binoculars and a star map , and learn the night sky before jumping into buying a telescope. This is a good way to learn abit about what you will be getting into.

Another important factor of having a enjoyful astronomy outing versus a frustrating experience is the darkness factor. It is very important to find nice and dark skies to have good views of deep space objects. You can have the biggest and most expensive telescope intown but if your viewing from a big city with a heavy amount of light polution youre views will be faint and fuzzy. You need to find a good dark sky viewing area to get the most enjoyment from this hobby. Your eyes will fully dialate and you will have much better views in dark sky sites since theres no light pollution from the city to wash out the objects to be viewed. There are sites online where you can find the nearest dark skies for your location - Darksky.org is one. Again cloudynights forum has a trove of info for beginners and thousands of friendly members willing to answer your questions, I highly recommend spending some time reading and asking questions there.

With the right equipment and a little knowledge astronomy can be an amazing,fascinating, and peaceful hobby, as long as you avoid the junk scopes marketed towards beginners. With a quality scope, some dark skies, and a star map your on your way to great views of the heavens!